Rocío San Miguel is a Venezuelan lawyer, anti-corruption activist, human rights defender, and founder of the NGO Control Ciudadano, dedicated to the monitoring of the activities of armed and security forces. Her work has made her a long-time target of harassment and persecution by the regimes of Hugo Chávez and Nicolás Maduro. San Miguel has been arbitrarily detained since Feb. 9, 2024, and was accused of terrorism in a sham process in which no evidence was ever provided, triggering worldwide condemnation and calls for her release from the UN and the Inter-American Commission of Human Rights.